What does it mean to "top" a tree, and why is it discouraged?

Topping a tree refers to the practice of cutting the tree down to a few large branches, which can significantly harm the tree's health. When a tree is topped, it undergoes severe stress because it is suddenly stripped of a large portion of its canopy. This disrupts the tree's ability to photosynthesize, as there are not enough leaves remaining to produce the energy needed for growth and maintenance.

Additionally, topping can lead to various long-term health issues. The remaining branches often grow much more quickly and develop weakly attached, water-sprouted shoots, which are more susceptible to breakage and damage from wind and storms. Ultimately, topping reduces the tree's overall vitality and makes it more susceptible to pests and diseases.

In contrast, other practices such as regular pruning should prioritize maintaining the natural shape of the tree and removing only what is necessary for health and safety without compromising the structure and biological functions of the tree. This approach allows the tree to remain healthy, thriving, and stable in its environment.