When pruning heavy limbs, what is the first cut in the three-cut method?

In the three-cut method for pruning heavy limbs, the first cut is the undercut. This initial cut is made on the underside of the limb, a few inches away from the trunk and usually about a third of the way through the limb’s diameter. The purpose of this undercut is to prevent the bark from tearing when the weight of the limb causes it to fall. By starting with the undercut, you create a clean separation point for the limb to drop down, minimizing damage to the tree and surrounding areas.

After the undercut is completed, the second cut is typically made on the top side of the limb, which will allow the limb to drop without stripping the bark and causing injury to the tree trunk. The final cut is made at the branch collar to ensure a proper healing process. Each of these cuts is crucial for maintaining the health of the tree while effectively removing the limb.